What is the role of mycorrhizae in plant health?

Mycorrhizae play a crucial role in enhancing nutrient uptake for plants. These symbiotic relationships between fungi and plant roots significantly increase the surface area available for absorption, allowing plants to access nutrients such as phosphorus, nitrogen, and micronutrients more effectively than they could on their own. The fungi benefit by obtaining carbohydrates and other organic substances from the plant, establishing a mutually beneficial relationship.

In addition to improving nutrient uptake, mycorrhizae can also help plants withstand stressful conditions, such as drought. They form a network in the soil that helps retain moisture and improve soil structure, further benefiting plant health and growth.

Other choices do not accurately reflect the primary function of mycorrhizae. For example, fixing atmospheric nitrogen is primarily the role of certain bacteria, not fungi. Although mycorrhizae can indirectly influence flowering by promoting overall plant health, they are not directly involved in the flowering process. Similarly, while mycorrhizae may contribute to the overall vigor of a plant, deterring herbivores is not a primary function of this symbiotic association.