What is seed inoculation?

Seed inoculation is the application of beneficial microorganisms to seeds before planting. This practice is particularly significant in agronomy and sustainable agriculture because it enhances seed germination, improves plant growth, and increases crop yield. The beneficial microorganisms, often specific types of bacteria or fungi, form a symbiotic relationship with the plants, aiding in nutrient absorption, particularly nitrogen, and helping fend off soil pathogens.

This process can also help establish beneficial microbial communities in the rhizosphere, enhancing overall soil health. The importance of seed inoculation can be seen in crops such as legumes, where specific rhizobium bacteria are crucial for nodulation and nitrogen fixation, essential for optimal plant development.

Other options do not align with this definition. For example, drying seeds is a method to prevent spoilage, while chemical fertilizers provide nutrients but do not involve microorganisms. Similarly, treating seeds with pesticides is focused on protecting them from pests rather than enhancing their beneficial microbial associations.