What does the term "fall tillage" refer to?

The term "fall tillage" specifically refers to the process of preparing the soil for future planting during the fall months, just prior to the winter season. This involves operations such as plowing, disking, or harrowing to loosen and aerate the soil, which helps improve soil structure and minimizes compaction. Conducting tillage in the fall can also help manage weeds and pests by turning them into the soil and exposing them to the elements, ultimately leading to better soil moisture retention and better conditions for spring planting. This practice is vital for establishing a healthy soil environment that promotes crop growth in subsequent seasons.

While incorporating cover crops before winter is beneficial for soil health, it is more specific than the general practice of fall tillage. Preparing land in spring for planting occurs after winter, and harvesting crops in the fall pertains to a different stage of crop management focused on gathering produce rather than soil preparation.